Author
Martin L. Pall – Professor Emeritus of
Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences
Washington State University
Very High Level VGCC Sensitivity to Low Intensity EMFs and Especially to Pulsations
The voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) protein molecule contains a four domain structure with each domain carrying an alpha helix, each designated an S4 helix, containing 5 positive charges. Those four charged alpha helixes act together as what is called the voltage sensor, the structure that responds to electrical changes across the plasma membrane to open the channel.
It has been shown that not only 4 distinct types of VGCCs, but also a voltage gated sodium channel, potassium channel and chloride channel are all activated by low intensity EMFs of various frequencies, suggesting that the EMFs act on the voltage sensor.
In plants, EMFs apparently act via activation of some other channels, known as TPC channels, which also contain a similar voltage sensor.
The structure and location of the voltage sensor and two laws of physics, Coulomb’s law and Ohm’s law, predict that the EMF forces on the voltage sensor are stunningly strong, approximately 7.2 million times stronger than the forces on singly electrically charged groups in the aqueous parts of our cells and bodies.
This explains why the voltage sensor is the main direct target of the EMFs. The voltage-gated sodium, potassium and chloride channels apparently play only minor roles in producing EMF effects, so that to a first approximation, effects can be explained as being predominantly from VGCC activation and consequent increases in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i.
This falsifies the industry claim that there are only thermal effects can occur.
The VGCC mechanism has been widely accepted in the scientific community as shown be the 247 citations of my first 2013 EMF paper (Google Scholar) and by my 58 different invited professional talks on this topic.
Large numbers of non-thermal pathophysiological EMF effects can be explained through the action of VGCC activation as produced by two different pathways of action shown in Fig. 1 below:
– the calcium signaling pathway and
– the peroxynitrite/free radical/oxidative stress/inflammation pathway.
These include are 9 types of effects produced from microwave frequency non-thermal effects as shown in from 9 to 38 different reviews: Lowered male and female fertility; increased neurological/neuropsychiatric effects; 3 types of effects on cellular DNA; endocrine (hormonal) effects; increased apoptosis (programmed cell death); cardiac effects on the electrical control of the heart; oxidative stress/free radical damage; excessive [Ca2+]i; cancer.
ICNIRP, EU, UK and other “safety guidelines” are all based on average intensities over a 6 minute period, with allowable exposures set by SAR, a measure of heating. Predictions of these safety guidelines have been tested by 8 different highly repeated types of studies and each of these 8 shows that the safety guideline fail and fail massively. Modulating pulsations, nanosecond pulses and paired nanosecond pulses of identical polarity each produce large effects that the safety guidelines claim cannot be produced.
These pulsation effects are of high relevance to 5G because 5G is designed to be very highly pulsed in order to carry vast amounts of information per second, because it is the pulsations that carry the information.
Other types of evidence showing that the safety guidelines do not predict biological effects include the calcium channel blocker studies which show that low intensity EMF exposures produce effects through VGCC activation rather than by heating.
The many reviews showing non-thermal health impacts discussed above and the findings that there are exposure windows that produce maximum effects but lower and higher intensity exposures produce much lower effects.
The failure of the “safety guidelines” to predict biological effects and therefore safety means that these are not safety guidelines. Consequently, any claims of safety made by the multi-trillion euro telecommunications industry based on these “safety guidelines” are simply fraudulent.
These failures of the “safety guidelines” must be considered in terms of the principle that is at the core of the scientific method. That principle is that when we have a scientific theory and we test predictions of that theory and the theory predictions are shown to be false, then we must throw the theory out.
It follows that when we have eight highly repeated findings each of which show that the “safety guidelines” do not predict biological effects and do not, therefore, predict safety, it is a scientific requirement that the “safety guidelines” be thrown out.
The failure of ICNIRP, the European Commission and various regulatory agencies to throw out the “safety guidelines” clearly shows that their actions are both unscientific and anti-scientific.
What can we say, then, about 5G?
MM-waves used for 5G also work via VGCC activation. 5G is designed to carry extraordinarily high amounts of information per second and is, therefore, extraordinarily highly pulsed. The electrical parts of these MM-waves do not penetrate well into buildings, such that millions of 5G antennae are planned in close proximity to our home, schools, churches, businesses, etc, such that it will be nearly impossible to avoid exposures.
Given the high pulsation level for 5G radiation, even short exposures may well produce severe biological effects. In addition to this, the finding that 5G systems involve output power sometimes like 30 times higher output than did previous systems, we have an strong argument for disaster (Human exposure to RF fields in 5G downlink, Nasim, S Kim – arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.03683, 2017 – arxiv.org).
It has been argued by the industry that 5G will only produce effects in the outer millimeter of the body because of the absorption of 5G radiation and other MM-wave frequency EMFs.
It is the case that 5G and other millimeter wave frequencies will produce very strong surface effects which are of major concern. But it has also been shown that MM-waves produce highly penetrating effects, impacting human brain function and EEG activity and also impacting many internal organs in animals. So the industry claims are wrong on this as in so many other areas.
How can we get such penetrating effects?
The magnetic parts of the EMFs are highly penetrating, so they place forces on dissolved ions in the aqueous parts of our cells and bodies, moving those ions and regenerating the electrical parts of the EMFs with the same frequency and pulsations, just much lower intensity. Those can then activate the VGCC voltage sensor because of its extraordinary sensitivity to the electrical forces of even very weak EMFs. So the physics again tells us how the system works on the main actual biological target.
The impacts of any full fledged 5G (it always works together with 4G) will be vastly worse than any initial impacts seen following the turning on of 5G, because initially 5G has little to communicate with, so it will initially have much less pulsation.
My six worst nightmares
My six worst nightmares is that 5G will produce widespread in in most cases universal or near-universal impact of the following types (and each of these needs to be considered in detail, based on the available evidence):
1. A rapid and irreversible crash in human reproduction to close to zero, based mainly but not solely on the impacts on male reproduction.
2. A rapid (albeit somewhat slower than in 1) crash in our collective brain function produced by massive impacts on human brain structure and function.
3. Very early onset Alzheimer’s dementia also caused by the human brain impact seen in 2.
4. Autism and ADHD caused primarily by perinatal 4G/5G exposures.
5. Massive deterioration in the human gene pool, caused by the DNA effects in human sperm and possibly also on human eggs.
6. Widespread sudden cardiac death in all age ranges caused by the EMF impacts on the pacemaker cells in the sino-atrial node of the heart.
What are we actually seeing initially from 5G?
The reports of human effects in Switzerland included many reports of neurological/neuropsychiatric effects and also cardiac effects.
https://www.illustre.ch/magazine/5g-sentons-cobayes?utm_source=facebook&fbclid=IwAR1kXKK1yWBDKoaZRVOQB7gRvC8o-1a3GyVbQHJPyPkAzzpl73iKYtaiA6Q
There are, of course many reviews reporting such effects, as discussed above, following EMF exposures. The physicians in Stuttgart reported these same two types of effects following 5G rollout and in addition, high amounts of electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS).
https://www.stuttgarter-nachrichten.de/inhalt.demo-am-staatsministerium-in-stuttgart-protest-gegen-5-g-in-weissen-arztkitteln.f964401b-85f9-4915-a236-4f3177597300.html
All three of these effects were reported to occur following smart meter exposures in both the Lamech and also the Conrad studies; all three were also reported to occur in the largest EMF occupational exposures studies ever performed as reviewed by Professor Emeritus Karl Hecht. The difference is that the effects appear to be much more severe following 5G exposure as opposed to the occupational exposure studies or even the smart meter studies.
I am aware of still more severe apparent 5G neuropsychiatric effects in Southern California, but those have not been published to date. We have every reason to believe that any full fledged 5G system, communicating with the “internet of things” will produce still vastly greater effects than any of these initial findings.
It was proudly announced in England that an ambulance service will be using 5G communication between the ambulances and the hospitals served by them. The first such ambulance, it was proudly announced, was to be put into operation in Coventry in the West Midlands region of the UK: https://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/coventry-news/what-is-5g-15108544
So what happened when that 5G ambulance was operational?
What happened is that three of the ambulance personnel died within an 11 day period of apparent suicide: Three NHS workers die suddenly while working for same ‘toxic’ ambulance trust.
Could 5G be related?
– Alan Selby Mirror Sun, 24 Nov 2019 02:23 UTC;
– https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-suffolk-50522214 ;
– https://www.itv.com/news/anglia/2019-11-22/concern-for-welfare-of-east-of-england-ambulance-staff-after-three-deaths-in-11-days/
Shortly before their deaths a whistleblower wrote to the East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust’s boss complaining about psychological abuse. There are widespread neuropsychiatric effects produced by low intensity EMF exposures, including depression. Depression can cause suicide and various neuropsychiatric effects may well lead to abusive behavior.
Two large occurrences of panic in cattle in the North Friesland area of the Netherlands correlated with 5G testing exposures: https://www.melkvee.nl/artikel/191780-koeien-in-paniek-mogelijk-door-testen-5g-netwerk/
This should not be surprising, given that EMF exposures cause neurological/neuropsychiatric effects. Two specific mechanisms are likely to be involved in producing panic in cattle. Excessive VGCC activity produces fear conditioning in animals and in humans (Kabir et al, J Physiol 2016; 20:5823-5837). EMFs also acting via excessive VGCC activity also produce large increases in the release of norepinephrine, the fight or flight hormone. These two are likely to act together to produce panic. The impact of EMFs on milk production in dairy cattle suggests that cattle may be quite sensitive to EMF effects.
There are also several incidences of bizarre, aggressive behavior of cattle and sheep from Germany that may also be related to 5G radiation effects:
2. https://www.sueddeutsche.de/bayern/bayern-peiting-kuh-bauernhof-dach-1.4626878
Each of these needs to be clearly investigated for possible roles of 5G radiation. The 5th of these is the most clearly linked to 5G because the cow involved is from North Friesland, where cattle were, as noted in the second paragraph above, exposed to 5G radiation.
Each of these must be investigated before any final conclusions can be drawn. However given that the “safety guidelines” have been repeatedly shown to fail to predict biological effects and therefore safety and that therefore, all assurances of safety based on those “safety guidelines” are fraudulent, and that there are plausible mechanisms by which EMF exposures can cause these effects, it is essential that the obvious possible cause, electromagnetic field exposures from 5G and/or high antenna density 4G radiation, should be extensively studied.
There have been a series of very unusual human birth defects, in both Germany and France, involving aberrant limb development, such as aberrant hand and finger structure and even missing hands or missing arms.
– https://www.faz.net/aktuell/gesellschaft/menschen/gelsenkirchen-drei-saeuglinge-mit-handfehlbildungen-geboren-16382810.html ;
– https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/01/health/france-babies-missing-limbs-investigation-intl/index.html
None of the many articles on these limb birth defects have suggested a link to 5G EMF exposures but such a link should be considered. The reason for that is that Bates et al, Ion Channels in Development and Cancer, Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2015; 31: 231-247 showed that elevation of both VGCC activity and also elevation of other voltage-gated ion channels can produce aberrant limb development. While the excessive activities of single channels do not produce aberrations identical to those in these recent human birth defects, a combination of excessive voltage-gated ion channel activities may well do so.
Among the genetic studies showing that excessive activity of a particular VGCC produce limb developmental defects are the studies on Timothy syndrome. The Timothy syndrome mutation produces much higher VGCC activity because the closing mechanism of the channel is defective, such that activated channels close extremely slowly such that they produce much higher [Ca2+]i.
The Timothy syndrome mutation produces not only limb development aberrations but also severe cases of autism and also cardiac effects. Most Timothy syndrome individuals die of apparent sudden cardiac death at age ranges circa 3 to 7 years old – the oldest known Timothy syndrome individual died at age 13. Here we have two effects produced or apparently produced by 5G exposures, the cardiac effects and the limb birth defects and a third proposed to be caused perinatal by 5G exposures, namely autism, all linked in their causation to VGCC activation.
There were hundreds of birds which died of apparent sudden cardiac death during three days of 5G testing in a park near Rotterdam.
https://www.healthnutnews.com/hundreds-of-birds-dead-during-5g-experiment-in-the-hague-the-netherlands/
There had been earlier stories published on these bird deaths where the industry denied doing 5G testing but in this article, it was shown that workers had been told to lie about those tests. It has been shown in rodents that MM-wave exposure (non-pulsed) can cause sudden cardiac death (Potekhina IL, Akoyev GN, Yenin LD, Oleyner 1992 Effects of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation in the millimeter range on the cardiovascular system of the white rat). Fiziol Zh 78:35-41 (in Russian), making it very plausible that these bird deaths were in fact caused by 5G exposures.
A second apparent large epidemic of birds falling out the sky of apparent cardiac death occurred last October shortly after the 5G ambulance was turned on in Coventry (see discussion above). In October, there were already reports that birds fell down from the sky outside the Coventry hospital, after 5G antennas were turned on to enable the Smart Ambulance 5G wireless system in Coventry.
Insect will be massively impacted by 5G EMFs. In 2000 and 2001, two US patents issued for the use of millimeter wave EMFs as insecticides (patent #s 6,073,365 and 6,192,598). These were for using non-pulsed EMFs not the extraordinarily pulsed and therefore dangerous 5G EMFs.
5G will likely cause massive fires because of the impact of 5G EMFs on plants.
EMFs impact plants producing large increases in intracellular calcium levels which act in turn to produce large increases in highly volatile and highly flammable terpenes. This, in turn, can make the plants burn as if they were sprayed with a light spray of gasoline.
We may have seen the first 5G fires. Five cities along the east coast of South Korea, where some of the earliest 5G rollouts in the world occurred, had their 5G systems turned on – late April 3, 2019. The five unprecedented fires occurred in those same cities 1 ½ days later, April 5, 2019.
– https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/s-korea-launches-5g-networks-early-to-secure-world-first/article26730605.ece ;
– https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/04/05/thousands-flee-homes-wildfires-rip-south-korea/ ;
– https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/8799140/south-korea-biggest-wildfire-near-olympic-city/
Other possible 5G fires may have also occurred in 2019 in areas of Southern California where 5G was rolled out, including along I405 freeway.
In summary, we have a series of 5G linked events that have occurred in more than one situation, where we have plausible mechanisms by which 5G radiation can cause them and where we know that counter arguments are based on “safety guidelines” which fail to predict biological effects and are, therefore, fraudulent.
These include:
1. Neurological/neuropsychiatric effects reported both in Switzerland and in Stuttgart Germany, effects similar to but more severe than effects caused by other EMF exposures.
2. Three suicides within 11 days of each other in the first 5G ambulance personnel.
3. Cardiac effects also reported in both in Switzerland and in Stuttgart Germany, effects similar to those found in in humans in following other EMF exposures as well as in animal experimental studies.
4. Two cases of massive, almost instantaneous 5G bird sudden cardiac death effects, one in the Netherlands and one in the UK.
5. We have cases of mass panic in cattle, as well as other neurological/neuropsychiatric effects in cattle and sheep.
6. We have multiple cases of human limb birth defects in France and Germany.
7. We have multiple cases of apparent 5G fires in Korea and in Southern California.
8. We have large apparent increases in EHS in Stuttgart Germany. While this is a single example, to my knowledge, similar although more slowly developing examples of EHS have been shown to occur in occupational EMF exposure studies and in the two smart meter studies. The case may be weaker here, because it is based solely on the Stuttgart example, but is still substantial.
In each of these cases, as stated above, we have plausible mechanisms by which each of them can be produced by 5G EMF exposure and where all contrary claims based on “safety guidelines” are simply fraudulent. In the first seven of these effects, we have a prima facie case for 5G causation.
And let me repeat that any effects seen with the initial “rollout” of 5G radiation will be a tiny fraction of those predicted by a mature 5G system interacting with the “internet of things” because any initial 5G system has very little to communicate with on initial rollout and therefore will produce only a tiny fraction of highly pulsed EMF effects of such a mature system. The very high impacts of modulating and non-modulating pulses mean that the extraordinarily high level of modulating pulses in 5G radiation, with those pulses communicating vast amounts of information per second, means that 5G radiation is vastly more dangerous than the exposures we previously have had and those previous exposures have already having massive impacts on us and on other organisms.
The eight apparent 5G effects listed above do not include other predicted massive effects of 5G radiation where we have no evidence of whether they are occurring or not.
These include:
1. Massive impacts on male reproduction, where 5G radiation may well produce very rapid crashes in male reproduction to close to zero.
2. Universal of near universal very early onset Alzheimer’s dementias (AD). Here we know that all you have to do to produce universal or near universal very early onset AD in a rat model, is to give a series of EMF pulses during one day and even during one second. If you give pulses every day, you get universal or near universal AD in six month old rats (roughly the equivalent age of a 12 year old child).
3. Universal or near universal autism. We know, from genetic studies, that human autism is caused by excessive VGCC activity and because this is the primary mechanism of action of EMFs, including MM-wave EMFs of 5G, it is highly plausible that the very highly pulsed 5G may cause universal or near universal autism.
4. Very high levels of germ line mutations caused by the impact of 5G radiation acting via VGCC activation on the DNA of human sperm and on the DNA of human ovocytes. What this argues is that what little human reproduction survives the effects of #1 may well be heavily impacted by very high levels of de novo mutation.
Possible causation of each of these by 5G radiation could have been tested by animal model studies, before any 5G rollout. It is my opinion that it is an atrocity of almost unbelievable proportions that no such tests have been done.
All of this argues that 5G presents threats of the sort that we have never seen before – multiple imminent existential threats to our survival.
Martin L. Pall
Professor Emeritus of
Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences
Washington State University
(US) 503 – 232 – 3883
martin_pall@wsu.edu
Electricity was often interrupted in my brain .. I was falling to the ground. electricity started to be cut off for three or five minutes and then for five minutes … when electricity returned, I did not remember anything … I did not have a disease … I was using only a very dense computer. now ..şi computers and to stay away from the radiation to the article çalışıyorum.b ..I am a Turk, I thank you very much living in Turkey …
Well-described, very important article.
This article is an early-warning for the governments and law-makers.
People who are concerned about the future of the Earth should read and share.
I am a chemical engineer and graduate student. My master thesis subject includes rotational–vibrational spectroscopy. I fully agree with you regarding the potential negative effects of 5G technology.
I am a psychiatrist and I am already seeing effects of higher rates of anxiety, bipolar like states, and aggression. This is also during the time of COVID-19, so I cannot rule out that stress. However, I am also quite convinced that COVID-19 in the United States has been a cover-up for installing more 5G units, particularly in the schools. It is very apparent to me that the infrastructure and respect of scientific investigation has been stumped upon by big business. This leaves us with little to no respect for life-whether it is human, animal, or plant. Thank you for this incredibly thoughtful and well explained article.